How do I design an EMC compliant reset circuit that does not generate excessive broadband emissions?
EMC-Compliant Reset Circuit Design
Reset signals are deceptively hazardous from an EMC perspective because they are DC signals that switch infrequently but with very fast edges. The transient edge creates broadband energy that extends to GHz frequencies, and the long trace distributes this energy across the entire PCB and potentially into connected cables.
- Performance verification: confirm specifications against the application requirements before finalizing the design
- Environmental factors: temperature range, humidity, and vibration affect long-term reliability and parameter drift
- Cost vs. performance: evaluate whether the application demands premium components or standard commercial grades
Frequently Asked Questions
How slow can I make the reset edge?
The maximum allowed rise time is determined by the IC's reset input specifications. Most digital ICs specify a maximum rise time for the reset input (typically 1-50 us for CMOS, sometimes up to 1 ms with Schmitt trigger inputs). Exceeding this may cause the IC to enter a meta-stable state and draw excessive current. Schmitt trigger reset inputs are preferred because they tolerate slow edges reliably. Check each IC's datasheet for the reset input specifications before adding edge-rate limiting.
Do I need to filter the reset on every IC?
Filtering at the driver output is the most important step (it cleans the signal before it propagates across the board). Additional filtering at each IC is beneficial but not always necessary. For sensitive systems: add a 100 pF capacitor and a short series ferrite bead at the reset input of each IC. For less critical systems: filtering at the driver output plus good PCB routing (traces near ground, short lengths) is usually sufficient.
Can the reset circuit cause conducted emissions?
Yes. If the reset trace runs near a power entry connector or a cable interface, the fast edge can couple capacitively or inductively into the cable, causing conducted emissions on the power lines (150 kHz - 30 MHz) or radiated emissions from the cable (> 30 MHz). Keep the reset trace far from connectors and cables, and filter any cable that might couple to the reset circuit.