Microwave Relay
Understanding Microwave Relay Links
Microwave relay links are the backbone of telecommunications infrastructure worldwide. They provide high-capacity, rapidly deployable data transport without the cost and delay of fiber optic installation.
Relay Link Frequencies
| Band | Frequency | Range |
|---|---|---|
| 6 GHz | 5.925-6.425 | 30-50 km |
| 11 GHz | 10.7-11.7 | 15-30 km |
| 18 GHz | 17.7-19.7 | 5-15 km |
| 23 GHz | 21.2-23.6 | 3-8 km |
| E-band (70/80) | 71-86 | 1-3 km |
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a microwave relay?
A point-to-point wireless link using directional antennas at 6-80 GHz. Carries cellular backhaul, enterprise data. 100 Mbps to 10+ Gbps. Range: 1-50+ km depending on frequency. Rapidly deployable alternative to fiber.
How far can microwave relay reach?
Depends on frequency: 6 GHz links operate to 50+ km. 18 GHz: 5-15 km. E-band (70/80 GHz): 1-3 km. Longer distance requires lower frequency (less rain attenuation) and larger antennas (more gain).
Is microwave relay used for 5G backhaul?
Yes, extensively. Microwave provides the backhaul for 60%+ of cellular sites worldwide. For 5G, higher-capacity links (E-band, 10+ Gbps) are being deployed. Microwave is faster and cheaper to deploy than fiber for many sites.